1. Is legal borrowing ever simple?
Legal knowledge rarely travels as intact doctrine. It is selected, translated, contested, and institutionally reassembled in new settings. What later appears as “borrowing” is often the outcome of struggle over meaning, authority, and use.
2. Can a jurisdiction belong to one tradition?
No legal order is historically pure. What appears as a single tradition is often a layered settlement produced through reception, suppression, coexistence, and institutional boundary-work. The atlas shows how traditions are made, stabilized, and contested across time.
3. Who shapes the routes of circulation?
Legal circulation follows unequal routes structured by empire, commerce, universities, codes, courts, translators, advisers, and professional networks. These routes do not simply move ideas across space; they shape which ideas travel, who can authorize them, and what they become when they arrive.